过去十年,世界卫生组织宣布了六起国际关注的突发公共卫生事件。 联合国环境署的数据显示,在人类每4个月出现的一种新型传染病中,有75%来自动物。 Over the past ten years, the World Health Organization has announced six public health emergencies of international concern, including H1N1, polio, Ebola, Zika, and COVID-19. According to the United National Environment Program, every four months one infectious disease emerges in humans, seventy-five percent of which come from animals. 人类的命运与自然的命运紧密相连,世界各国越来越重视人与自然的关系。 1992年,联合国环境与发展大会通过《21世纪议程》和《生物多样性公约》,专门提到生物技术安全问题。 去年10月,中国的生物安全法草案首次提请最高立法机关审议,并将争取在今年年内审议通过。 维护生物安全有多重要?中国为什么需要生物安全法? To better tackle the relationship between man and nature, the United Nations adopted the Convention on Biological Diversity in 1992, which recognized biological diversity is about more than plants, animals, and microorganisms and their ecosystems – it is about people and the need for food security, medicine, fresh air and water, shelter, and a clean and healthy environment in which to live. China started its work on biosecurity legislation in 2019, and this year the top legislatures have reviewed the draft law for the second time. Why does China need a biosecurity law?
According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, biosecurity is a strategic and integrated approach that encompasses the policy and regulatory frameworks for analyzing and managing relevant risks to human, animal and plant life and health, and associated risks to the environment.
A biosecurity law has become increasingly essential in China in recent years due to gene-edited babies, faulty vaccination, and pandemics, like SARS and COVID-19. All of these have put the legislation on the fast track. Zhou Hui, a research professor at Peking University Health Science Center said that biosafety is not only related to people’s health but to national economic security and social stability. Biosecurity will be a key component in the national security system.
China has laws and regulations on the prevention of infectious disease, protection of wild animals, and on genetic engineering and security of labs. However, the lack of integrated management and a systematic cross-department mechanism has made it difficult to enforce these laws and regulations. “The law is a basic law in biosecurity and could take the lead in regulations and administrative statutes related to biosafety, as well as functions as a coordinator with other laws,” professor Du Qun with the Law School of Beihang University said.
With the advancement of modern biotech, scientists can modify generic material to improve an organism’s characteristics but doing so may cause adverse impacts on biodiversity and human health. The legislation will help establish ethics for labs and biotech development. Professor Du added that advancing biotech needs to“renounce the evil and turn to the virtue" so the law touches on the code of ethics in biotech. 生物安全跨越地区和国别的界限,不仅仅是中国的问题,更是国际社会共同面临的挑战。 杜群教授说,生物安全法的制定和实施将有力增强中国生物安全能力建设,加强中国的国际履约行动,推动中国与其他缔约国的国际合作,使生物安全和生物多样性的全球治理体系更加完善。这是一部“除害而且兴利”的法。 Biosafety is not only an issue for China but is an international challenge. The UN has held a series of workshops on biosecurity to foster global cooperation in the fields of biosafety. “The legislation of this biosecurity law is beneficial to China’s capacity in building biosafety and helps to strengthen China’s fulfillment of global acts and agreements and refines the legal system. It can also make the global governance system on biosafety and biodiversity complete,” said professor Du, adding that the biosecurity law promotes "what is beneficial and abolish what is harmful.” 推荐阅读:问中国 | 中国如何保障14亿公民的人权? 双语金句来了!王毅就“中国外交政策和对外关系”答中外记者问